DNA胞嘧啶的表观遗传修饰通过调节基因转录在发育中起关键作用。目前研究最多的胞嘧啶修饰是5-甲基胞嘧啶（5mC），它与基因表达的抑制有关。在脱甲基化过程中，5mC氧化为连续的中间状态，包括5-羟甲基胞嘧啶（5hmC），5-甲酰基胞嘧啶（5fC）和5-羧基胞嘧啶（5caC）。在过去的十年中，研究表明，氧化形式的5mC，尤其是5hmC，除了在活性脱甲基过程中充当“中间体”外，还可能具有多种独立的功能。很多研究表明，5hmC 表达水 平与基因表达调控、多能干细胞分化、神经元发育、以及肿瘤发生都密切相关。
而参与其中甲基化循环的一个重要酶类，就是TET家族蛋白！人TET蛋白家族包含TET1、TET2和TET3这3个成员，所有TET蛋白都包含一个保守的双链β-螺旋结构域、一个富含半胱氨酸区和C端的核心催化结构域。TET1主要在胚胎干细胞中表达，TET2主要在造血系统中表达，TET3则在 小脑、皮质和海马体等神经系统中广泛表达。结果表明，基因组5hmC 水平与 TET 羟化酶活性相关。
那么如何检测5hmc羟化酶TET的活性呢？
作为专业的生命科学解决方案供应商，艾美捷为您推荐Nature同款方案：
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| 产品名称 | 5mC-Hydroxylase TET Activity/Inhibition Assay Kit |
| 产品货号 | P-3086，比色法 P-9087，荧光法 |
| 产品原理 | 在本实验中，甲基化底物被稳定地包埋在微孔板上。活性 TETs (客户提供)与底物结合，并将甲基化底物转化为羟甲基化产物。Tet- 转化的羟甲基化产物可以被特异性抗体识别。羟甲基化产物的比例或数量与酶的活性成正比，然后可以通过读取波长为450nm的吸光度或者荧光强度来对比分析。TET 酶的活性与测得的光强度成正比。 |
| 适用样本 | TET酶的细胞核提取物；纯化的TET酶（TETs, 1-3） |
| 性能展示 |  |
| 说明书下载 | 点击下载 |
Nature文章结果：
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-020-0764-8
- TET酶活性分析使用P-3086; c. 使用艾美捷推荐的P-1032检测整体5hmc水平
更多客户的选择：
- Qian H et. al. (March 2021). TET1 promotes RXRα expression and adipogenesis through DNA demethylation.Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. :158919.
- Wulansari N et. al. (February 2021). LIF Maintains mESC Pluripotency by Modulating TET1 and JMJD2 Activity in a JAK2-Dependent Manner.Stem Cells.
- Clark DF et. al. (January 2021). Acute high folic acid treatment in SH-SY5Y cells with and without MTHFR function leads to gene expression changes in epigenetic modifying enzymes, changes in epigenetic marks, and changes in dendritic spine densities.PLoS One. 16(1):e0245005.
- Kołodziej-Wojnar P et. al. (December 2020). Alterations in the Genomic Distribution of 5hmC in In Vivo Aged Human Skin Fibroblasts.Int J Mol Sci. 22(1)
- Zhou B et. al. (August 2020). The angiocrine Rspondin3 instructs interstitial macrophage transition via metabolic-epigenetic reprogramming and resolves inflammatory injury.Nat Immunol.
- Rosenberg T et. al. (August 2020). Embryonic Heat Conditioning Induces TET-Dependent Cross-Tolerance to Hypothalamic Inflammation Later in Life.Front Genet. 11:767.
- Gu Y et. al. (July 2020). Hydrogen sulfide attenuates renal fibrosis by inducing TET-dependent DNA demethylation on Klotho promoter.FASEB J.
- Aggarwal et. al. (July 2020). Functional succinate dehydrogenase deficiency is a pathognomonic adverse feature of clear cell renal cancer
- Sun X. et. al. et. al. (May 2020). AMPK deficiency induces DNA methylation and aggravates colorectal tumorigenesis in 2 AOM/DSS miceResearch Square.
- Kaur G et. al. (April 2020). Regulation of DNA methylation signatures on NF-κB and STAT3 pathway genes and TET activity in cigarette smoke extract-challenged cells/COPD exacerbation model in vitro.Cell Biol Toxicol.
- Briand J et. al. (April 2020). Radiotherapy-induced overexpression of exosomal miRNA-378a-3p in cancer cells limits natural killer cells cytotoxicity.
- Zhou Y et. al. (March 2020). HIF1A activates the transcription of lncRNA RAET1K to modulate hypoxia-induced glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via miR-100-5p.Cell Death Dis. 11(3):176.
- Bhagat TD et. al. (October 2019). Lactate-mediated epigenetic reprogramming regulates formation of human pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts.8
- Zhou L et. al. (October 2019). TET2-interacting long noncoding RNA promotes active DNA demethylation of the MMP-9 promoter in diabetic wound healing.Cell Death Dis. 10(11):813.
- Parsanathan R et. al. (October 2019). Glutathione deficiency induces epigenetic alterations of vitamin D metabolism genes in the livers of high-fat diet-fed obese mice.Sci Rep. 9(1):14784.
- Shi F et. al. (April 2019). EBV(LMP1)-induced metabolic reprogramming inhibits necroptosis through the hypermethylation of the <i>RIP3</i> promoter.9(9):2424-2438.
- Cramer T et. al. (December 2018). PARP Inhibitor Affects Long-term Heat-stress Response via Changes in DNA Methylation.399:65-76.
- Cramer T et. al. (October 2018). Early-life epigenetic changes along the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) gene influence resilience or vulnerability to heat stress later in lifeMolecular Psychiatry.
- Poupeau A et. al. (October 2018). Genes controlling the activation of natural killer lymphocytes are epigenetically remodeled in intestinal cells from germ-free mice.FASEB J. :fj201800787R.
- Atlante S et. al. (July 2018). α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase inhibition counteracts breast cancer-associated lung metastasis.Cell Death Dis. 9(7):756.
- Shahid M et. al. (March 2018). Alpha-oxoglutarate inhibits the proliferation of immortalized normal bladder epithelial cells via an epigenetic switch involving ARID1A.Sci Rep. 8(1):4505.
- Rea M et. al. (November 2017). Selective inhibition of CTCF binding by iAs directs TET-mediated reprogramming of 5-hydroxymethylation patterns in iAs-transformed cells.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 338:124-133.
- Wulansari N et. al. (October 2017). Vitamin C-Induced Epigenetic Modifications in Donor NSCs Establish Midbrain Marker Expressions Critical for Cell-Based Therapy in Parkinson's Disease.Stem Cell Reports. 9(4):1192-1206.
- Shenoy N et. al. (July 2017). Upregulation of TET activity with ascorbic acid induces epigenetic modulation of lymphoma cells.Blood Cancer J. 7(7):e587.
- Prasad R et. al. (May 2017). Honokiol inhibits ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppression through inhibition of ultraviolet-induced inflammation and DNA hypermethylation in mouse skin.Sci Rep. 7(1):1657.
- Röhr D et. al. (April 2017). Sodium-dependent Vitamin C transporter 2 deficiency impairs myelination and remyelination after injury: Roles of collagen and demethylation.
- Kowluru RA et. al. (January 2017). Role of oxidative stress in epigenetic modification of MMP-9 promoter in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol.
- Ishikawa K et. al. (February 2015). Long-term pancreatic beta cell exposure to high levels of glucose but not palmitate induces DNA methylation within the insulin gene promoter and represses transcriptional activity.PLoS One. 10(2):e0115350.
- Niu Y et. al. (February 2015). Oxidative stress alters global histone modification and DNA methylation.Free Radic Biol Med.
- He XB et. al. (December 2014). Vitamin C Facilitates Dopamine Neuron Differentiation in Fetal Midbrain Through Tet1- aND Jmjd3-Dependent Epigenetic Control Manner.Stem Cells.
- Dubois-Chevalier J et. al. (September 2014). A dynamic CTCF chromatin binding landscape promotes DNA hydroxymethylation and transcriptional induction of adipocyte differentiation.Nucleic Acids Res.
- Scola G et. al. (April 2014). Lithium reduces the effects of rotenone-induced complex I dysfunction on DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in rat cortical primary neurons.Psychopharmacology (Berl).
- Nettersheim D et. al. (December 2013). Analysis of TET expression/activity and 5mC oxidation during normal and malignant germ cell development.PLoS One. 8(12):e82881.
- Coulter JB et. al. (October 2013). Hydroquinone increases 5-hydroxymethylcytosine formation through ten eleven translocation 1 (TET1) 5-methylcytosine dioxygenase.J Biol Chem. 288(40):28792-800.
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