Cell:修饰的RNA碱基acp3U是糖基RNA中N-聚糖的附着位点

2024年8月21日,来自国哈佛大学Ryan A. Flynn等研究人员合作在《细胞》杂志发表了标题为“The modified RNA base acp3U is an attachment site for N-glycans in glycoRNA.”的研究成果,发现修饰的RNA碱基acp3U是糖基RNA中N-聚糖的附着位点

 

某些RNA与细胞表面的复杂碳水化合物—聚糖—通过化学键结合在一起。2021 年,Flynn研究团队首次报告了细胞外也存在RNA的现象(Cell, 2021, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.023)。核酸(如RNA)传统上被认为局限于细胞内,与细胞表面的糖类物质在物理上是分离的。长期以来核酸仅限于细胞内环境的观点提出了挑战,揭示了细胞表面生物学中此前未被认知的复杂性。

 

据介绍,糖基RNA由修饰有分泌型N-聚糖的RNA组成,并在细胞表面呈现。尽管之前的研究支持RNA与聚糖之间的共价连接,但RNA-聚糖连接的直接化学性质尚未被描述

虽然数据支持glycoRNA的存在,但缺乏直接的证据来确认RNA与聚糖之间的化学链接。因此研究团队开发新技术来获取确凿证据:一是发展了一种化学方法来标记任何RNA来源的天然glycoRNA,然后使用新的高灵敏度质谱法分析RNA的修饰情况。

 

研究人员开发了一种敏感且可扩展的方案,用于检测和表征天然糖基RNA。通过利用优化的RNA周期酸氧化和醛基连接方法(rPAL)以及全理论质谱窗口顺序采集(SWATH-MS),研究人员鉴定出修饰的RNA碱基3-(3-氨基-3-羧丙基)尿苷(acp3U)是糖基RNA中N-聚糖的附着位点。

 

rPAL方法在表征细胞中发生的直接聚糖-RNA连接方面展现出灵敏性和稳健性,其灵活性将进一步推动对糖基RNA生物学的探索。

 

Highlights

•rPAL is a chemical tool to label and study native glycoRNAs

•acp3U is an endogenous site of attachment for N-glycans on RNA

• Genetic loss of DTWD enzyme activity impacts glycoRNA biosynthesis

Summary

GlycoRNA consists of RNAs modified with secretory N-glycans that are presented on the cell surface. Although previous work supported a covalent linkage between RNA and glycans, the direct chemical nature of the RNA-glycan connection was not described. Here, we develop a sensitive and scalable protocol to detect and characterize native glycoRNAs. Leveraging RNA-optimized periodate oxidation and aldehyde ligation (rPAL) and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS), we identified the modified RNA base 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)uridine (acp3U) as a site of attachment of N-glycans in glycoRNA. rPAL offers sensitivity and robustness as an approach for characterizing direct glycan-RNA linkages occurring in cells, and its flexibility will enable further exploration of glycoRNA biology.

 

文章来源:

Yixuan Xie, Peiyuan Chai, Nicholas A. Till, Helena Hemberger et al,  The modified RNA base acp3U is an attachment site for N-glycans in glycoRNA.DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.044,Cell:最新IF:66.85

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