全球化学品统一分类和标签制度(GHS)防范说明编码

联合国GHS制度，是指《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals，其封面为紫色因此又称“紫皮书”)，是联合国GHS专家委员会、联合国际劳工组织(ILO)和经合组织(OECD)，基于保护人类健康和环境、减少对化学品的重复测试和评估、完善现有化学品分类和标签体系、促进化学品国际贸易的目的所起草的一项重要制度，并陆续被世界各国采纳，是目前全球进出口危险化学品贸易中所需关注的重要法规之一。

防范说明是用一条术语(和/或防范象形图)来说明为尽量减少或防止接触危险化学品或者不当储运危险化学品产生的不良效应所建议采取的安全防范措施。GHS标签要素中使用4类防范说明术语，分别为：预防，发生事故泄漏或接触时的反应，储存和处置。在《全球统一制度》中，共有5类防护说明：一般、预防、应对(在意外溢漏或接触情况下，为紧急反应和急救)、存放和处置。关于如何使用《全球统一制度》防护说明的指导，包括为《全球统一制度》每一危险种类和类别选择适当说明的建议。

代码	防护说明
一般防护说明
P101	If medical advice is needed, have product con or label at hand.如需求医，请随身携带产品容器或标签。
P102	Keep out of reach of children.切勿让儿童接触。
P103	Read carefully and follow all instructions.(omit where P202 is used.)使用前务请看明标签。(在P202存在时，省略P103)
预防措施说明
P201	Obtain special instructions before use.(omit for consumer products where P202 is used.)使用前取得专用说明。(对于消费品，当P202存在时，省略P201。)
P202	Do not handle until all safety precautions have在阅读并明了所有安全措施前切勿搬动。
P210	Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.远离热源、热表面、火花、明火和其他点火
P211	Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.切勿喷洒在明火或其他点火源上。
P212	Avoid heating under confinement or reduction of the desensitized agent避免封闭条件下受热或退敏剂减少
P220	Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials.远离服装和其他可燃材料。
P222	Do not allow contact with air.不得与空气接触。
P223	Do not allow contact with water.不得与水接触。
P230	Keep wetted with ...用…保持湿润。
P231	Handle and store contents under inert gas/...在惰性气体/…中操作和存放
P232	Protect from moisture.防潮。
P233	Keep container tightly closed.保持容器密闭。
P234	Keep only in original packaging.只能在原容器中存放。
P235	Keep cool.保持低温。
P240	Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.货箱和装载设备接地并等势联接。
P241	Use explosion-proof[electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment.使用防爆的[电气/通风/照明/……]设备。
P242	Use non-sparking tools.使用不产生火花的工具。
P243	Take action to prevent static discharges.采取防止静电放电的措施。
P244	Keep valves and fittings free from oil and grease.阀门及紧固装置不得带有油脂或油剂。
P250	Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction/….不得研磨/冲击/摩擦……
P251	Do not pierce or burn, even after use.切勿穿刺或焚烧，即使不再使用。
P260	Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.不要吸入粉尘/烟/气体/气雾/蒸气/喷雾。
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/气雾/蒸气/喷雾。
P262	Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.严防进入眼中、接触皮肤或衣服。
P263	Avoid contact during pregnancy and while nursing.怀孕和哺乳期间避免接触。
P264	Wash ... thoroughly after handling.作业后彻底清洗……
P270	Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.使用本产品时不要进食、饮水或吸烟。
P271	Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.只能在室外或通风良好处使用。
P272	Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.受沾染的工作服不得带出工作场地。
P273	Avoid release to the environment.避免释放到环境中。
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...戴防护手套/穿防护服/戴防护眼罩/戴防护面具。
P282	Wear cold insulating gloves and either face shield or eye protection.戴防寒手套和防护面具或防护眼罩。
P283	Wear fire resistant or flame retardant clothing.穿防火或阻燃服装。
P284	[In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.[在通风不足的情况下]戴呼吸防护装置
P231 + P232	Handle and store contents under inert gas/.... Protect from moisture.在惰性气体中搬运和贮存内装物/……防潮
应急措施说明
P301	IF SWALLOWED:如误吞咽：
P302	IF ON SKIN:如皮肤沾染：
P303	IF ON SKIN (or hair):如皮肤(或头发)沾染：
P304	IF INHALED:如误吸入：
P305	IF IN EYES:如进入眼睛：
P306	IF ON CLOTHING:如沾染衣服：
P308	IF exposed or concerned:如接触到或有疑虑：
P310	Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…立即呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P311	Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P312	Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell.如感觉不适，呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P313	Get medical advice/attention.求医/就诊。
P314	Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.如感觉不适，须求医/就诊。
P315	Get immediate medical advice/attention.立即求医/就诊。
P320	Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).必须立即接受具体治疗(见本标签上的……)。
P321	Specific treatment (see ... on this label).具体治疗(见本标签上的……)。
P330	Rinse mouth.漱口。
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.不得诱导呕吐。
P332	If skin irritation occurs:(may be omitted if P333 is given on the label.)如发生皮肤刺激：(如果P333存在标签上时P332可以被省略。)
P333	If skin irritation or rash occurs:如发生皮肤刺激或皮疹：
P334	Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages].浸入冷水中[或用湿绷带包扎]
P335	Brush off loose particles from skin.掸掉皮肤上的细小颗粒。
P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.用微温水化解冻伤部位。不要搓擦患处。
P337	If eye irritation persists:如长时间眼刺激：
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.如戴隐形眼镜并可方便地取出，取出隐形眼镜。继续冲洗。
P340	Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.将人转移到空气新鲜处，保持呼吸舒适体位。
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:如有呼吸系统病症：
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.用水小心冲洗几分钟。
P352	Wash with plenty of water/...用水充分清洗/……
P353	Rinse skin with water [or shower].用水清洗皮肤[或淋浴]
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.立即用水充分冲洗沾染的衣服和皮肤，然后脱掉衣服。
P361	Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.立即脱掉所有沾染的衣服。
P362	Take off contaminated clothing.脱掉沾染的衣服。
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.沾染的衣服清洗后方可重新使用。
P364	And wash it before reuse.清洗后方可重新使用。
P370	In case of fire:火灾时：
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:在发生大火和大量泄漏的情况下：
P372	Explosion risk.爆炸危险
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.火烧到爆炸物时切勿救火。
P375	Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.因有爆炸危险，须远距离救火。
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so.如能保证安全，可设法堵塞泄漏。
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.漏气着火：切勿灭火，除非能够安全地堵塞泄漏。
P378	Use ... to extinguish.使用……灭火。
P380	Evacuate area.撤离现场。
P381	In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.万一泄漏，除去一切点火源
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.吸收溢出物，防止材料损坏。
P391	Collect spillage.收集溢出物。
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…如误吞咽：立即呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell.如误吞咽：如感觉不适，呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water or wrap in wet bandages.如皮肤沾染：浸入冷水中[或用湿绷带包扎]
P302 + P352	IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...如皮肤沾染：用水充分清洗。
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell.如误吸入：如感觉不适，呼叫中毒急救中心/医生……
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.如误吸入：将人转移到空气新鲜处，保持呼吸舒适体位。
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.如沾染衣服：立即用水充分冲洗沾染的衣服和皮肤，然后脱掉衣服。
P308 + P311	IF exposed or concerned: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...如接触到：呼叫中毒急救中心/医生……
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.如接触到或有疑虑：求医/就诊。
P332 + P313	If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.如发生皮肤刺激：求医/就诊。
P333 + P313	If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.如发生皮肤刺激或皮疹：求医/就诊。
P336 + P315	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. Get immediate medical advice/attention用微温水化解冻伤部位。避免揉搓患处。立即求医/治疗
P337 + P313	If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.如眼刺激持续不退：求医/就诊。
P342 + P311	If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/...如出现呼吸系统病症：呼叫中毒急救中心/医生/……
P361 + P364	Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.立即脱掉所有沾染的衣服，清洗后方可重新使用
P362 + P364	Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.脱掉沾染的衣服，清洗后方可重新使用
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to do so.火灾时：如能保证安全，设法堵塞泄漏。
P370 + P378	In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish.火灾时：使用……灭火。
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.如误吞咽：漱口。不得诱导呕吐
P302 + P335 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water [or wrap in wet bandages].如皮肤沾染：掸掉皮肤上的细小颗粒。浸入冷水中[或用湿绷带包扎]
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower].如皮肤(或头发)沾染：立即脱掉所有沾染的衣服。用水清洗皮肤[或淋浴]
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.如进入眼睛：用水小心冲洗几分钟。如戴隐形眼镜并可方便地取出，取出隐形眼镜。继续冲洗。
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.火灾时：撤离现场。因有爆炸危险，须远距离灭火。
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.如发生大火和大量泄漏：撤离现场。因有爆炸危险，须远距离灭火。
P370 + P372 + P380 + P373	In case of fire: Explosion risk. Evacuate area. DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.火灾时：有爆炸危险。撤离现场。如火势蔓延到爆炸物，不要试图救火
P370 + P380 + P375 [+ P378]	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. [Use…to extinguish].火灾时：撤离现场。因有爆炸危险，须远距离灭火。[使用…灭火]
存放防护说明
P401	Store in accordance with…存放须遵照……
P402	Store in a dry place.存放于干燥处。
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.存放于通风良好处。
P404	Store in a closed container.存放于密闭的容器中。
P405	Store locked up.存放处须加锁。
P406	Store in a corrosion resistant/...container with a resistant inner liner.存放于耐腐蚀/……带耐腐蚀衬里的容器中。
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks or pallets.堆垛或托盘之间应留有空隙。
P410	Protect from sunlight.防日晒。
P411	Store at temperatures not exceeding …°C/…°F.贮存温度不超过……℃/……℉。
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/122 °F.不可暴露在超过50℃/122℉的温度下。
P413	Store bulk masses greater than … kg/…lbs at temperatures not exceeding …°C/…°F.存放散货质量大于……千克/……磅，温度不得超过……℃/……℉。
P420	Store separately.单独存放。
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.存放于干燥处。存放于密闭的容器中。
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.存放于通风良好处。保持容器密闭。
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.存放于通风良好处。保持低温。
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.防日晒。存放于通风良好处。
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 °C/122 °F.防日晒。不可暴露在超过50℃/122℉的温度下。
处置防护说明
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...处置内装物/容器……
P502	Refer to manufacturer or supplier for information on recovery or recycling.有关回收和循环使用情况，请咨询制造商或供应商
P503	Refer to manufacturer/supplier… for information on disposal/recovery/recycling.处置/恢复/循环的信息参照制造商/供应商