| DISEASE AND CAUSES |
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY |
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS |
| Lassa fever |
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- Viral infection due toLassaspecies
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An epidemic hemorrhagic fever transmitted to humans by contact with infected rodent urine, feces, or saliva. |
- Fever lasts 2 to 3 weeks
- Exudative pharyngitis
- Oral ulcers
- Lymphadenopathy
- Swelling of face and neck
- Purpura
- Conjunctivitis
- Bradycardia
- Shock
- Peripheral collapse
|
| Latex allergy |
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- Hypersensitivity to products containing natural latex
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Latex protein allergens trigger release of histamine and other mediators of the systemic allergic cascade in sensitized persons. |
- Local dermatitis to anaphylactic reaction
|
| Legg-Calve-Perthes disease |
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- Caused by congenital or developmental factors
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Ischemic necrosis leads to eventual flattening of the head of the femur due to vascular interruption. |
- Pain in hip and proximal thigh
- Loss of internal rotation, extension, adduction, and flexion
|
| Legionnaires' disease |
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- Infection due to gram-negative bacillus,Legionella pneumophila
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Transmission of disease occurs with inhalation of organism carried in aerosols produced by air-conditioning units, water faucets, shower heads, humidifiers, and contaminated respiratory equipment. |
- Dry cough
- Myalgia
- GI distress
- Pneumonia
- Cardiovascular collapse
|
| Leprosy |
|
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- Infection due toMycobacterium leprae
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Chronic, systemic infection with progressive cutaneous lesions, attacking the peripheral nervous system. |
- Skin lesions
- Anesthesia
- Muscle weakness
- Paralysis
|
| Lichen planus |
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|
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Benign pruritic skin eruption that usually resolves in 2 to 3 years. |
- Itching
- Scaly, purple papules with white lines or spots on skin or mouth
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| Listeriosis |
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- Infection due to gram-positive bacillusListeria monocytogenes
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Infection with febrile illness, transmitted by neonates in utero, by inhalation, consumption, or contact with contaminated unpasteurized milk, infected animals, or contaminated sewage, mud, or soil. |
- Fever
- Meningitis
- Spontaneous abortion
|
