We provide information and protocols for the analysis of Rho GTPase function in axon pathfinding inCaenorhabditis elegans. The powerful molecular, genetic, imaging, and transgenic tools available inC. elegansmake it an excellent system in which to study the in vivo roles of Rho GTPases. Methods for imaging of axon morphology in Rho GTPase single and double mutants are provided, as well as methods for the construction of transgenicC. elegansstrains carrying exogenously introduced transgenes that drive the expression of constitutively active and dominant negative mutants.